See گمان on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "güman"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "gumani",
"word": "გუმანი"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kümän",
"word": "күмән"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Luri",
"lang_code": "lrc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "gemø",
"word": "گمۆ"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "guman",
"word": "گۇمان"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "doubt",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "gwmʾn'",
"ts": "gumān"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (gwmʾn' /gumān/, “doubt”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"t": "doubt",
"tr": "gwmʾn'",
"ts": "gumān"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (gwmʾn' /gumān/, “doubt”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*wimānah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *wimānah",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬍𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬋",
"pos": "one of the Ahrimanic plagues: doubt?"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬋 (vīmanō, one of the Ahrimanic plagues: doubt?)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "विमनस्",
"t": "sad, disconsolate"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit विमनस् (vimanas, “sad, disconsolate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lrc",
"2": "گمو",
"tr": "gemo"
},
"expansion": "Northern Luri گمو (gemo)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (gwmʾn' /gumān/, “doubt”), from Proto-Iranian *wimānah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian. Compare Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬋 (vīmanō, one of the Ahrimanic plagues: doubt?), Sanskrit विमनस् (vimanas, “sad, disconsolate”) Northern Luri گمو (gemo).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "گُمان",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gomân",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "گُمان",
"tr": "gomân"
},
"expansion": "گُمان • (gomân)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"assumption; supposition; opinion; conjecture; suspicion"
],
"id": "en-گمان-fa-noun-wQoymDRg",
"links": [
[
"assumption",
"assumption"
],
[
"supposition",
"supposition"
],
[
"opinion",
"opinion"
],
[
"conjecture",
"conjecture"
],
[
"suspicion",
"suspicion"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"Avestan geography"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡu.ˈmaːn/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊ.mɑːn]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊ.mɑːn]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊ.mɑːn]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡu.mɔːn]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡ̥o.mɒːn]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲæ.mɒːn]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡ̥o.mɒːn]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲæ.mɒːn]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲæ.muːn]",
"tags": [
"Tehrani"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡu.mɔn]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːn"
}
],
"word": "گمان"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "گُمان",
"tr": "gumān"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گُمان (gumān)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گُمان (gumān).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "گُمان",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "gumān",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "गुमान",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "گُمان"
},
"expansion": "گُمان • (gumān) m (Hindi spelling गुमान)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mistrust, doubt; uncertainty"
],
"id": "en-گمان-ur-noun-dWuE5Y53",
"links": [
[
"mistrust",
"mistrust"
],
[
"doubt",
"doubt"
],
[
"uncertainty",
"uncertainty"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "شَک"
},
{
"word": "سَنْشَیَہ"
},
{
"word": "سَنْدیہ"
},
{
"word": "شُبَہ"
},
{
"word": "رَیب"
},
{
"word": "بھَرَم"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡʊ.mɑːn/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
}
],
"word": "گمان"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "güman"
},
{
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "gumani",
"word": "გუმანი"
},
{
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "kümän",
"word": "күмән"
},
{
"lang": "Northern Luri",
"lang_code": "lrc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "gemø",
"word": "گمۆ"
},
{
"lang": "Uyghur",
"lang_code": "ug",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "guman",
"word": "گۇمان"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "doubt",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "gwmʾn'",
"ts": "gumān"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [script needed] (gwmʾn' /gumān/, “doubt”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"t": "doubt",
"tr": "gwmʾn'",
"ts": "gumān"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (gwmʾn' /gumān/, “doubt”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*wimānah"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *wimānah",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬬𐬍𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬋",
"pos": "one of the Ahrimanic plagues: doubt?"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬋 (vīmanō, one of the Ahrimanic plagues: doubt?)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "विमनस्",
"t": "sad, disconsolate"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit विमनस् (vimanas, “sad, disconsolate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lrc",
"2": "گمو",
"tr": "gemo"
},
"expansion": "Northern Luri گمو (gemo)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (gwmʾn' /gumān/, “doubt”), from Proto-Iranian *wimānah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian. Compare Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬋 (vīmanō, one of the Ahrimanic plagues: doubt?), Sanskrit विमनस् (vimanas, “sad, disconsolate”) Northern Luri گمو (gemo).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "گُمان",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gomân",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"head": "گُمان",
"tr": "gomân"
},
"expansion": "گُمان • (gomân)",
"name": "fa-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian lemmas",
"Persian nouns",
"Persian terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian",
"Persian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for native script for Middle Persian terms",
"Rhymes:Persian/aːn",
"Rhymes:Persian/aːn/2 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"assumption; supposition; opinion; conjecture; suspicion"
],
"links": [
[
"assumption",
"assumption"
],
[
"supposition",
"supposition"
],
[
"opinion",
"opinion"
],
[
"conjecture",
"conjecture"
],
[
"suspicion",
"suspicion"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"Avestan geography"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡu.ˈmaːn/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊ.mɑːn]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊ.mɑːn]",
"tags": [
"Dari",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʊ.mɑːn]",
"tags": [
"Kabuli"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡu.mɔːn]",
"note": "Hazaragi"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡ̥o.mɒːn]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲæ.mɒːn]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡ̥o.mɒːn]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲæ.mɒːn]",
"tags": [
"Iran",
"formal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʲæ.muːn]",
"tags": [
"Tehrani"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡu.mɔn]",
"tags": [
"Tajik",
"formal"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːn"
}
],
"word": "گمان"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "گُمان",
"tr": "gumān"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گُمان (gumān)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گُمان (gumān).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "گُمان",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "gumān",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "गुमान",
"tags": [
"Hindi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"head": "گُمان"
},
"expansion": "گُمان • (gumān) m (Hindi spelling गुमान)",
"name": "ur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Urdu",
"lang_code": "ur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Urdu entries with incorrect language header",
"Urdu lemmas",
"Urdu masculine nouns",
"Urdu nouns",
"Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"mistrust, doubt; uncertainty"
],
"links": [
[
"mistrust",
"mistrust"
],
[
"doubt",
"doubt"
],
[
"uncertainty",
"uncertainty"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "شَک"
},
{
"word": "سَنْشَیَہ"
},
{
"word": "سَنْدیہ"
},
{
"word": "شُبَہ"
},
{
"word": "رَیب"
},
{
"word": "بھَرَم"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡʊ.mɑːn/",
"tags": [
"Standard",
"Urdu"
]
}
],
"word": "گمان"
}
Download raw JSONL data for گمان meaning in All languages combined (5.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.